Principled Leadership Individual Final Paper Essay

Principled Leadership Individual Final Paper In terms of leading a team, I regard myself as an enthusiastic and considerate leader. My colleagues on my team can always feel my passion about achieving goals as well as my consideration about others. I intend to make conversations productive by understand other’s perspectives first. I also have a high standard of integrity and apply the same criteria on both myself and my coworkers. When I was working for Deloitte, I was always the first choice for all supervisors in my group if they need to find a project leader for a very diverse team. I have been nominated as the â€Å"Team Star† for two consecutive years. On the other hand, sometimes I’m not assertive enough when I have to make a tough decision. This is because I always try to meet everybody’s expectation or needs, which might not always be feasible in the real world. Once on a consulting project, I had to make a decision to either shut down a plant or lay off two middle management supervisors. I was so upset because I knew either decision would definitely make some people lose their job. I asked for extra time to think about it, however, my supervisor made the decision for me instead. Regarding the management behavior, although I can execute instructions well, I prefer to deal with ambiguity which allows me to exceed people’s expectation. I enjoy using my own judgment when handling business problems with no clear answer. At the same time, I understand that if you would like toShow MoreRelatedLeadership Theories And Philosophies Of Case, Kouzes, And Drucker1689 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: There are many leadership theories and philosophies currently used to describe the different principles and strategies by various leaders to drive their decision making and actions in the business world. A common perception about leaders is that they are born and not made. This theory often portrays great leaders as destined to rise to leadership. However, there are many different classifications of other commonly used leadership theories which include trait theoriesRead MoreEthical Leadership : Unethical Behavior1568 Words   |  7 PagesEthical Leadership With all the recent unethical behavior in high profile cases. Someone may ask is there such a thing as ethical leadership? Leadership behaviors have a direct impact on the effectiveness and trust of the leader, the followers, and the organization. In the recent past there have been organizations rocked by scandal and impropriety stemming from how a leader acted or did not act such as: â€Å"the alleged cover-up by Penn State University senior administrators of criminal acts perpetuatedRead MoreWhat Principles And Values Do You Approach Assessment? Essay1550 Words   |  7 Pagestasks to accommodate the individual learning needs and abilities of all students to successfully improve educational outcomes (Popham, 2009; Darling-Hammond, Rustique-Forrester Pecheone, 2005). Moreover, it assists educators in developing a healthy attitude towards assessment, thereby enhancing their assessment literacy â€Å"to fulfil their role as advocates for learning† (Popham, 2009 as cited in Readman Allen, 2013, p. 12). Not only does this ensure educators take a principled approach to all facetsRead MoreDistributed Leadership4312 Words   |  18 PagesLeadership Competencies: Are we all saying the same thing? Jeffrey D. Horey Caliber Associates 49 Yawl Dr. Cocoa Beach, FL 32931 horeyj@calib.com Jon J. Fallesen, Ph.D. Army Research Institute Ft. Leavenworth, KS jon.fallesen@leavenworth.army.mil In the course of developing an Army leadership competency framework focused on the Future Force (up to year 2025), the authors examined several existing U.S. military and civilian leadership competency frameworks. We attempt to link the core constructsRead MoreThe Portrait Of Jake Rivera Essay1916 Words   |  8 Pageshis co-workers or students. Jake Rivera is relatively young person (in his middle thirties) who has been in his Dean position for a little bit over two years. He loves what he is doing, he is passionate about the college and its success. Based on Leadership Trait approach, Jake Rivera has all main characteristics of the leader. He has dominant nature; he is very bold and self-confident. He has determination, because he has a drive to get all the work done, also integrity, he is able to do right andRead MoreLean Operation And Agile Operation Strategy2892 Words   |  12 Pagesrole of the senior management is coming up with various tactics in the commercial setting that will ensure that the strategy of the organization is achieved. This is to help in the direction of the organization when sometimes the roles played by individuals may not always be distinct. There are four objectives involved in the operations management cost, flexibility, quality and sustainability. In cost, operations management seeks to ensure that the resources utilized in inputs are minimized to ensureRead MoreApple vs. Microsoft Essay4129 Words   |  17 PagesThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the leadership, structure, and culture of two of the most influential and newsworthy companies in the technology sector: Microsoft and Apple. We will examine how the differences in the three aspects make companies different, and how leadership, culture, and structure influence each other in determining how the company operates and performs. Microsoft is the world’s leading supplier of computer software, specifically focusing on development, manufacturingRead MoreMarketing Strategy for Blackberry Essay example3584 Words   |  15 Pageseducation. The second is an increased level of awareness and engagement that changes the way the youth who volunteer view themselves and the world around them—a mechanism for shaping the leaders of tomorrow. Through domestic empowerment programs and leadership training, Free The Children inspires young people to become socially conscious global citizens as well as agents of change for their peers worldwide. BlackBerry Build A Village Awards Going into its second year, the  BlackBerry Build A VillageRead MoreAustralian National Security Statement Analysis Essay3571 Words   |  15 Pagesmaintenance of our fundamental capacity to advance economic prosperity for all Australians’ the statement provides a strategic framework to drive the necessitating policy. The statement also advises that this provides context for the Defence White Paper for the next twenty years, as I will detail later on the Defence Department already receives the majority share of the national security funding what this does is place an inordinate amount of responsibility into the hands of the Department of DefenceRead MoreAdministrative Process in Nursing6339 Words   |  26 PagesJennelyn M. Pondang Submitted to: Prof. Liwayway T. Vallesteros †¢ Answer learning activities (page 14) nos. 3 and 4. †¢ Illustrate using a table a comparison of the ff leadership style: a. Democratic, Authoritarian, and Laissez-faire b. Transformational and Transactional †¢ Which of the above leadership styles do you think your immediate manager adhere to? Support your assumption. 3. Compare Theory X, Y, and Z. Which one would you prefer in your organization? Why? Theory

Linguistic Relativity Essay - 1508 Words

Introduction: Linguistic relativity is the notion that language can affect our thought processes, and is often referred to as the ‘Sapir-Whorf hypothesis’, after the two linguists who brought the idea into the spotlight. Whorf writes how â€Å"Language is not merely a reproducing instrument for voicing ideas but rather is itself the shaper of ideas, the program and guide for the individual’s mental activity† (1956:212), and I will explain how it is able to do so. In this essay I will argue that certain ways of mental categorization, spatial cognition and reality interpretation, based on the characteristics of our specific variety of language, influence our perception of the world. I will discuss how languages divide up nature differently, and†¦show more content†¦Dirven and Verspoor note how the English differentiation is â€Å"entirely forced on these children by the contrast between the English prepositions in and on† (1998:140), whereas in Korean, â₠¬Å"Kkita (glossable loosely as â€Å"fit†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦) is indifferent to whether the Figure goes into, onto, over, or together with the Ground, as long as it leads to a tight fit† (Choi and Bowerman 1991:90). The fact that the tested children grouped the actions in accordance with the grammatical structure of their respective language is evidence for linguistic relativity, as â€Å"both groups of children construe(d) the relations between objects in the world on the basis of their language specific categories, and not on the basis of some universal, conceptual categories† (Dirven and Verspoor 1998:140-141). This suggests that the children from the two linguistic communities will partly see the world in a different way, being inclined to categorise the things they see in contrasting fashions. Certain features are deemed important enough to warrant a category, and different languages prioritise different qualities. What this means is that when we say something belongs to a certain set, e.g. that putting toys into a container falls into an ‘in’ group, we are focussing on some, but neglecting other details of the situation, such as the ‘tightness’ of the fit. The framework of our languageShow MoreRelatedLinguistic Relativity And Linguistic Determinism1767 Words   |  8 Pagescognitive psychology- is the Sapir-Whorf Linguistic Relativity Hypothesis. This hypothesis, developed by Edward Sapir in 1929 with the help of his student Benjamin Whorf, states that language affects cognition and perception (Kay Kempton). The two main components of this theory are linguistic relativity and linguistic determinism. Linguistic relativity is the idea that the grammar and structure of a language affect cognitive processes in some way, while linguistic determinism goes beyond that claimingRead More Sapir-Worf Hypothesis: Linguistic Determinism and Linguistic Relativity845 Words   |  4 PagesSapir-Worf Hypothesis: Linguistic Determinism and Linguistic Relativity The romantic idealism of the late eighteenth century, as encountered in the views of Johann Herder (1744-1803) and Wilhelm von Humboldt (I 762-1835), placed great value on the diversity of the world’s languages and cultures. The tradition was taken up by the American linguist and anthropologist Edward Sapir (1884-1939) and his pupil Benjamin Lee Whorf (1897-1941), and resulted in a view about the relation between languageRead MoreWhy Is A Neutral Question? Essay963 Words   |  4 Pageslevel of analysis, the prompt specifies â€Å"neutral questions†, making it necessary to consider the linguistic WoK. As Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf one hypothesized, Linguistic Relativity is the concept of language structure and its effect on the way in which its speaker conceives their world. So what does Linguistic Relativity have to do with the prompt? The weak version of this indicates that linguistic usage influences thought. If this is true, then this would be full proof that there is no suchRead MoreThe At 18 I Joined The Marines1004 Words   |  5 Pageswas introduced to new way of speaking and thinking. The new language, learned and internalized, was integral to changing my thought practices from that of a civilian, to that of a Marine. My experiences in the Marines confirm the the idea of linguistic relativity put forth in the Sapir-wharf Hypothesis, and served as my Initiation in the the Marine Corp’s Community of Practice. During the three months spent in boot camp, recruits rarely spoke. Recruits listened, and learned an entirely new languageRead MoreThe Way Specific Language Is Structured Can Shape How A Person Understands About And Perceives Reality?2114 Words   |  9 Pagesprincipal of linguistic relativity which states that the way language is structured can affect the speakers’ world or cognition. In order to believe that what one person perceives is dependent on the spoken word, you must believe the idea that thought is dependent on language. The Theory of Linguistic Relativity, or the Sapir-Whorfian hypothesis states that, â€Å"†¦one’s language shapes one’s view of reality† (Badhesha, R. S. 2002). The theory can be broken down into two parts, linguistic determinismRead MoreThe Effects Of Violence Against Women On North American Society1663 Words   |  7 Pagesto the underlying beliefs of society. To truly understand how a persons’ attitudes are dev eloped and sustained we must consider the sources of information they are exposed to. The link between language and thought is often underestimated and a linguistic review of the word choices in our society is necessary. Are the terms used gender-neutral? Does the word choice as a descriptor for a female differ from that of a male and is there a difference in the perceived meaning of these words or any socialRead MoreLanguage : Does It Influence The Way We Perceive The World?2676 Words   |  11 Pages Our Language: Does it Influence the Way We Perceive the World? Introduction It has been argued that the greatest restriction to our mind and our perception of the world is our language, both public and private. The theory of linguistic relativity is controversial, and the relationship between language and behavior has been refuted by countless scholars and linguists. The contentious man behind the theory is Benjamin Lee Whorf, a man of unconventional ideas, known primarily for hisRead More The Origin Of Language Essay1541 Words   |  7 Pagescomplex one and not one in which all researchers are in agreement. Neither are researchers in agreement about whether animals have the capability of language. To resolve these controversies we must look to both human and animal research. The linguistic relativity theory known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis was developed by Benjamin Lee Whorf (a linguist and anthropologist) and Edward Sapir. The theory argues that language is a finite array of lexical and grammatical categories that group experiencesRead MoreDoes The Language Shape The Way We Think?926 Words   |  4 Pagesa different perceptual world? Or is language just a set of labels for universal thoughts or ideas? (Shaules, 2015) Many brilliant thinkers have spent their entire lives working on these kinds of topics for over a century. When it comes to linguistic relativity, â€Å"The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis†, first proposed by ‘Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf seventy years ago, states that the language we speak does shape the way we see the world and has an important role, it remains the dominant hypothesis inRead MoreThe American Psychology Association ( Apa )1426 Words   |  6 Pagesexperiments are protected against any psychological harm on a personal and emotional level but also from the effects of labelling within society. Benjamin Whorf (1930) began to study the cognitive effects of labelling in which he proposed the linguistic relativity hypothesis. This hypothesis stated that the words we use to describe what we see aren’t insignificant as they don’t simply describe but determine what we see also. The APA aims to be able to describe participants at an appropriate level of

nursing philosophy - 1276 Words

Nursing Philosophy: My Nursing Abstract Philosophy is a system of beliefs, it is often looked at as an effort to define nursing situations that is observed to exist or happen and serves as the basis for later theoretical formulations. Florence Nightingale the first nurse theorist, philosophy states that nursing is establishing and environment that allows persons to recover from illness. Nursing has four metaparadigms the client, the environment, health and nursing. Metaparadigms are theoretical works in nursing focused on articulating relationships among the four major concepts: nursing, environment, client, and health. My Nursing Philosophy My†¦show more content†¦I believe that health has stagnation, depth and understanding â€Å"traditionally health was defined in terms of the presence or the absences of disease. Florence Nightingale defined health as a state of being well and using every power the individual possesses to the fullest extent†(Berman Synder,2012, p.299). The nursing metaparadigm for health states â€Å"health is the degree of wellness or illness that client is experiencing, continuum of wellness to terminal illness† (Berman Synder,2012, p.299). Personally when I think of health I think of illness and wellness. In the society of the twenty-first century there’s either healthy or unhealthy. Wellness is what many refer to as a healthy being, on the other hand many consider illness as unhealthy. I do believe with the help of the environment that the body can be nurtured back to health. Illness relates to health in that, illness is the sometimes present flip side of what many consider to be healthy. Many believe that age is companied by illness but, illness is never a normal state of existence. Illness is sometimes an unfortunate component of health. According to Berman Synder (2012) nursing metaparadigm states that â€Å"nursing is the attributes, characteristics, and actions of the nurse providing care on behalf of, or in conjunction with the client† (p.41). Nursing exist to care for, to teach, to love and to understand that everyone must be looked at in a holisticShow MoreRelatedNursing Philosophy Of Nursing727 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction As a nursing student in the BSN program at West Coast University, I have discovered my skills and knowledge to prepare myself on how to be an efficient nurse as well as a nurse that truly cares for the best quality of care given to a patient. I have found some good qualities and insight in the paradigms to a philosophy of caring as a nurse. In this paper I will discuss the four paradigms of nursing which includes: Health, Nursing, Client/Person, and Environment. As a nurse, one mustRead MoreNursing Philosophy : Nursing And Nursing Essay1660 Words   |  7 Pages Nursing Philosophy Nursing philosophy is defined as a nurse or students thought of what they believe to be true about the nature of the profession of nursing and to provide a base for nursing practice. (2016, para.1) The nursing field continues to develop into a professional scope of practice and nurses continue to work to develop a high standard for the profession. The values and skills that nurses’ learn as they care for patients continue to develop into rules and regulations for future nursesRead MoreNursing Philosophy637 Words   |  3 PagesPhilosophy of nursing is an occupation consisting of professional individuals that exhibit and express compassion, respect, dignity and integrity to their patients and fellow coworkers. Nursing is not just a career, it is intertwined in the way we think, make decisions and prioritize values. As a nurse, it is important to me to provide the highest quality nursing care possible to achieve excellence in patient outcomes, while simultaneously, providing a respectful healing environment and work withRead MoreNursing Philosophy784 Words   |  4 PagesNursing philosophy â€Å"identifies what is believed to be the basic or central phenomena of the discipline, relates nursing to a particular world view, and provides some information on how one may come to learn about the world†. (p. 13, Salsberry, 2008). My personal philosophy of nursing evolved over the years and includes my observations, beliefs, thoughts, and practices. The purpose of this paper is to discuss my personal philosophy of nursing and the personal and professional experiences that haveRead MorePhilosophy of Nursing1024 Words   |  5 PagesPhilosophy of Nursing Alicia Hanford Elms College Philosophy of Nursing I remember at a young age telling my mother that I wanted to be a nurse just like her, she told me to choose a different path. Her response surprised me but did not stop me from pursuing my dream. I am passionate about being a nurse and what that role means. With recent frustrations with others in this profession I finally understood why my mother told me to choose a different path. I have always believed that beingRead MorePhilosophy of Nursing713 Words   |  3 PagesPhilosophy of Nursing The environment in which the patients are in plays a big role in their healing process. Florence Nightingale founded her nursing theory and philosophy on enhancing environmental factors to improve the patients overall health, healing and well-being. Nightingales attention to environment has added significance to the role environmental conditions play in human health status (Shaner, 2006). In Nightingale’s book, Notes of Nursing, she reflects on how air and water qualityRead MoreNursing Philosophy1056 Words   |  5 PagesT. Houston Philosophy of Nursing Toi Houston The University of Texas School of Nursing In partial fulfillment of the requirements of Professional Nursing A amp; B NURS 3645 Jeanean Boyd, MSN, RN June 6, 2011 Online RN-BSN Nursing is a profession that is very complicated and complex. It is exciting and has so many levels to it that one can actually never get bored with it. Most times when people think about nursing they only think about someone who adjustsRead MoreNursing Philosophy1798 Words   |  8 PagesMy Personal Nursing Philosophy Hope G. Slate Fresno Pacific University NURS/310 August 27, 2012 Brenda Laing, R.N., M.S.N., F.N.P. Abstract â€Å"Nursing theories are the creative products of nurses who seek (or sought) to thoughtfully describe the many aspects of nursing in ways that could be studied, evaluated, and used by other nurses. Theories provide structure and order for guiding and improving professional practice, teaching and learning activities, and research.† (Sitzman, 2011) Read MoreMy Philosophy Of Nursing Philosophy1481 Words   |  6 PagesMy philosophy of nursing My own nursing philosophy arises from my Knowledge as a nurse, personal beliefs and experiences, I have gathered throughout the years from my interactions with diverse patient population and other healthcare professionals, while working in different setting as a nursing in the health care. This also addresses nurse s ethics, goal and values as it relates to my nursing practice. My Nursing Philosophy is based on five components: nursing, Person, environment, holistic careRead MorePhilosophy Of Nursing : Why Nursing Essay1268 Words   |  6 PagesJoalexis Philosophy of Nursing Why Nursing? When I graduated high school, I wanted to have a career in the healthcare field, I enrolled at Valencia College to do a major in Chemistry, because I wanted to complete the pre-medicine requirements in order to attend medicine school. While in school I was working at Walmart, it was a decent job. However, my passion to work on the healthcare field, made me put my pre-medicine studies to a standby, and enrolled in an emergency medical technician program

Research in Social Sciences and Humanities

Question: Discuss about the Research in Social Sciences and Humanities. Answer: Introduction: As a German e-commerce company, Lazada has attained much recognition in South East Asia since its inception in the year of 2011 (Wang et al. 2016). The organization has managed to emerge as the number one online shopping as well as selling destination in the South East Asia countries, namely Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. One of the major reasons why the company has been able to attain such unprecedented success within a short period of time, is that the company has been known for offering effortless shopping experience to its consumers via multiple channels as well as by multiple payment methods. Apart from the factor of innovation leading to the organizational success of the company, the companys focus on providing high quality consumer service has also helped it achieve business growth in the last years. Hence, considering the future prospects, the company is considering to expand in new markets, and the country India has been chosen for market expansion. However, before expanding in other markets, it would be important to comprehend the prospects of the market, analyze the competitive rivalry that the company can encounter there, as well as evaluate the strength of the company. Value Chain Analysis: Value chain of a firm consists of the two activities of the company i.e. the primary activities and the support activities. The primary activities consists of inventory holding, purchasing, materials holding, manufacturing, marketing and sales, outbound logistics, customer service and dealer support. On the other hand, support activities consist of research development, human resource management, design, infrastructure of the companys website as well as the company operations, etc. Value chain analysis of Lazada is important in order to expand its business in difderent parts of the world. Since it is an e-commerce business, the business operations are little bit different from that of brick and mortar stores (Hua, Morosan and DeFranco 2015). The website of the company is the platform of doing business in the market. Lazada is responsible for maintaining a value chain analysis of the website so that they can provide customer satisfaction along with value to the needs of the customers. The support activities of Lazada are the improved infrastructure activities that help in delivery of the products. The research and development department of the company always focus on continuous development of the website so that they can educate the viewers of the website. The human resource department of the company is focused on providing training to the employees so that they can focus on the innovation and excellent customer service to the customers (Lucia-Palacios et al. 2014). The primary activities of the Lazada website are sellers, platform, warehouse, delivery and finally to the consumer. After the product reaches to the consumer, another aspect that can be added is the excellent customer service. The sellers of the company include individually owned companies and 3rd party vendors. The platforms of the products of Lazada consist of business to consumer platform. It includes hybrid market, marketplace and store (Picoto, Blanger and Palma-dos-Reis 2014). The drivers of the company are inventory management, pricing strategies, currency, payment options, pricing, merchant tools, customer support, language, CMS, etc. The warehouse of Lazada can be of third party or sometimes owned by the company itself. It is essential as a cost driver. The hub n spoke model is used for the company. The delivery system of the products of Lazada is local model such as self-pick up, courier, etc. The reverse logistics of the company are driven by size, dependence and payment method. The consumers of the company not only belong to the local consumers but also it delivers products globally in many countries of the world (Cavusgil et al. 2014). Key Competencies of Lazada and the Ways in Which the Company Gains Competitive Advantage in Singapore: It is important to mention here that approximately 99% of the people living in South East Asia prefer to shop offline, and despite the fact, the unprecedented success of Lazada as an online site bears testimony to its excellent set of key competencies that help Lazada distinguish itself in the South East Asian market (Wee 2015). While speaking of Lazada, it should be remembered that Lazada has managed to emerge as a leading e-commerce business solution in Singapore and other South East Asian countries, by adopting effective strategies that can help in enhancing consumer convenience. In order to ensure that it can take maximum advantage of its growing consumer base, the company has modeled itself after the recognized dot.com giants like Alibaba and Amazon that in turn has helped it minimize its processing time, while maximizing consumer convenience. In order to attract as well as retain its customers it offers as many as 80,000 products, and at the same time, in order to handle the co nsumers queries, it has set up a 24/7 shopping arcade (Nguyen et al. 2016). The company has formulated as well as implemented effective strategies so as to improve its consumer satisfaction, and thus accordingly it has even formed alliance with many logistic providers as well, so that it can improve the processing time from 2 months to 2 days. Further, in order to attract the attention of the consumers, the company has tied up with some of the biggest retail giants of the world, such as Microsoft, Timex, Nestle, Unilever and P G, and thus it has surpassed every other shopping site, as the favorite shopping destination of every shopper. Another very important competency that the company possesses that helps the company increase its revenue over the years, is the diverse range of products that it offers to its customers. The online shopping site not only offers approximately 20,000 products, but it also offers the products under 12 different categories (Wee 2016). As a result, it is able to draw the attention of a young student looking for books and music, as well as his parents trying to get their home furnished. The product diversity largely helps the company achieve remarkable growth in its annual revenue. Lazada has emerged to be the reigning e-commerce operator in Singapore, and it is important to assess the factors that enable the company capitalize its strength in the Singaporean market. First of all, Lazada offers a high quality customer service to its consumers that are almost unrivalled in this industry of Singapore. The consumer service is open 24*7, and the consumers can get their queries resolved by reaching out the customer support team via phone or even live chat facilities. Further, the company also offers the easy return facility to its consumers, and consumers now can get their products delivered within a short period. According to the CEO of Lazada Singapore, Alexis Lanternier, the companys ties with some of the most recognized e-commerce giants like Alibaba allows the company gain competitive advantage over the rival companies (Shahnaz and Wahyono 2017). The company is least concerned about the competition, and more focused on retaining consumers, as e-commerce busines s can make or mar an organization based on how it is being executed. Since the Singapore e-commerce industry was still untapped and new, it has been easier for the company to acquire mass recognition without facing cut-throat competition. Hence, the company took the most advantage of the situation, and offered free shipping, product return facilities as well as better service delivery to its customers, that has helped it attract and retain its consumers. Macro-Environmental Analysis of the Market of India for Expansion of Lazada: Although Lazada is considering the idea of expanding in India, before the actual expansion, it would be important to evaluate the market of India. Hence, the macro environment of India will be analyzed, with the help of the PESTEL Analysis Tool and Porters Five Forces Tool: PESTEL Analysis: Political Factors Due to the existence of various political parties, the company can witness excessive political intervention while conducting its business Lack of political stability is a disadvantage Excessive corruption and red tape are also major problems to be considered (Kohli 2014) Economic Factors The economy of the country has been very stable since the Industrial Reform Policy of 1991 (Cassen 2016) The country has witnessed an economic growth of 6% in the recent times, and it is expected to boost over the years (Breman 2013) The government has also set up the Foreign Investment Promotion Board that is meant for facilitating foreign companies conduct trade in the country Social Factors India is a highly populated nation, with as many as 1,2 billion people residing in it Around 63 % of the people belong to the age category of 14 to 64 years, and a large number of people are employed, unable to find time to shop offline (Lambert 2017). Rise in education has resulted in the higher rate of employment of the Indians, improving the standard of life Cheap availability of skilled labor (Lambert 2017) Technological Factors India has witnessed a remarkable growth in technological infrastructure over the last years Most of the people are tech savvy, having internet connection Research and Developmental opportunity is limited Environmental Factors Strong regulations on waste disposal, however are not applicable for e-commerce business Use of eco-friendly packages will be recommended (Gupta 2015) Legal Factors The government imposes taxes among other regulatory measures to promote economic growth Labor laws such as Labor Compensation laws or Child Labor Laws are almost irrelevant. Porters Five Forces Analysis: Threat of New Entrant This is moderate as FDI is allowed to invest 51% in multi brand retail market, so that new companies can get lots of funding options (Mohapatra 2013). Threat of Substitutes Moderately high as many traditional stores are available both online and offline in India. Bargaining Power of Suppliers It is very low as there is a high competition Bargaining Power of Buyers High as a large number of e-commerce sites are operating in India. Competitive Rivalry High as the company faces cut-throat competition from Amazon, Flipkart and Snapdeal (Shetty 2017). Strength of Top 3 e-commerce Companies of India and Ways in which Lazada can compete with them: Lazada is the privately owned German ecommerce website which has soared in the Southeast Asian market. The company was founded in 2011 and within just the period of 3 years, the website became tremendously popular in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines and Singapore, monopolizing the online shopping market in South-Eastern Asia. This tremendous success of the website has encouraged the owners to expand in other potential markets like that of India (Jain and Kulhar 2015). However in order to attain a successful expansion it is very important for an online retail chain to generate a reliable market value in the expansion target market. However, in case of India, there already are a number of ecommerce websites that have established a stable footing in the Indian market (Bhattacharya and Mishra 2015). As mentioned above, Indian market is no stranger to the advantages of online shopping, with its growing economy there already are three websites sharing monopoly over Indian market. These websites are popular and have gained the trust of the Indian customers; and will be a great threat to the smooth reception of Lazada in India. The first online shopping website, operating in India that deserves the spotlight of attention is the Amazon, the franchise of amazon.com in India. Amazon.com is considered to be the online marketing giants originated in America is arguably on o the most trusted ecommerce website in all over the world (Amazon.in. 2017). The journey of Amazon started in 2013 in India and has grown significantly ever since. Amazon.in, the Indian operation has already generated a formidable presence in the Indian market. Market analysts have opined that the huge success behind Amazon in India has been the enormous product variety that it offered the Indian market and the massive discounts it comes coupled with (Bhattacharya and Mishra 2015). Having amazon.om as the ally, Amazon.in could offer the Indian market the global markets that they previously had to access and the discounts added an extra feather as well. Indian customers are accustomed to finding all they could want at an affordable rate in thei r Amazon app sticking true to their claim of providing anything and everything to your doorstep (Amazon.in. 2017). The second mention needs to be the Snapdeal app without any doubt; the website launched in the Indian market in 2010 and has integrated itself in the lives of the Indian customers. The ecommerce website has a market value of 6.5 billion dollars and the growth has not attained stagnancy yet (Snapdeal.com. 2017). With brand promotion done by Aamir khan, a well known and loved face in India, has helped Snapdeal to attain a remarkable presence in the Indian market and will be an exceptional competition for Lazada in India (Snapdeal.com. 2017). Saving the best for the last, discussion on Indian online shopping market cannot be complete without discussing the market giant of India, Flipkart (Jain and Kulhar 2015). Flipkart started out its journey in India in 2007 and have dominated the Indian market ever since. According recent market research the website is worth more than 11 billion dollar and the figures continues to rise (Flipkart.com. 2017). Mainly operated on the smartphones the app for Flipkart is ranked 4.2 out of 5 on basis of maximum downloads. Studies suggest that the tremendous success behind Flipkart has been the element of surprise (Sequeira 2015). The website was launched in 2007 when India was a complete stranger to online shopping, the website dominated the market for three long years without any competition in sight, and these three years have been more than enough to generate a wide customer base by providing a gazillion products and brands at attractive discounts delivered to your doorstep. Flipkart has a cquired all the known names in Indian fashion and retail market, namely Myntra, Jabong and ebay.in, and undoubtedly poses the biggest threat to Lazada with its complete dominance over Indian market (Kalelkar et al. 2014). Different Modes of Entry into foreign market: Invasion into a foreign market comes coupled with risks at all times, and if not addressed these risks can manifest into challenges which will make establishing a stable presence in the foreign market extremely difficult for a business operation (Brouthers 2013). As discussed above in the assignment Lazada is the biggest ecommerce website in the south eastern Asia which now plans to expand into the rapidly growing economy of India. However India already has its online shopping market dominated by various other ecommerce websites, three substantial of those have been discussed above (Jain and Kulhar 2015). In order to combat the threat these websites that already have a stable customer base and a reputation in Indian market, the website needs to decide on a mode of entry (Martin 2013). There are various modes by which a business venture can choose to enter the foreign market, be it direct and indirect exporting, franchising, strategic alliance and merger acquisition. All of the different modes of entries have their own sets of benefits and pitfalls. For instance, franchising allows the expanding business venture to generate a franchisor to sell its products for a prefixed fee (Martin 2013). Get Strategic alliance is where the invading business operation will forge an alliance with a known face in the target market to achieve larger goals. Merger acquisition is a mode of strategic alliance that allows the invading business operation to merge with a business operation that has been already established in the market and has a considerable hold on the target market (Shi, Sun and Prescott 2012). In the case scenario opted for this assignment, franchising in to direct or indirect exporting would not yield favourable results it has to be understood that Lazada needs to develop a recognition in the Indian market, build trust in the Indian customers in order to establish a stable footing in the market (Kalelkar et al. 2014). Indian customer base is completely stranger to the website and its reputation and franchising or exporting an array of products will not be enough for the customers to be trust the website or the product it sells. In order to overcome the challenges of invading into a foreign market and combat the threats of competition by the well known Indian ecommerce websites is to merge with a well known website (Brouthers 2013). Considering the market value and reputation of Flipkart, merging with it will be the best decision for Lazada. The customer base of Flipkart in Indian market is already astounding and with the trust that the website has constructed, introducing foreign brands will increase their market craze in the Indian market and will offer Lazada enough time and market exposure to establish a brand reputation in the market (Kalelkar et al. 2014). Flipkart undoubtedly presents a humongous threat to Lazada if it wants a share of the monopoly of Indian market as well (Chauhan 2015). Keeping the enemy closer, or in this merging with them will be the win-win situation for both parties until Lazada generates enough recognition in the Indian market to branch out on its own. Conclusion: As it is evident from the above discussion, India is a favorable place to expand. Considering the growth in technological infrastructure, and improvement in the standard of living of the people, the company can attain huge growth here. The population is very huge implying larger customer base while the availability of skilled labor would help the company ensure higher profitability. Although initially, the company may encounter trouble in gaining sufficient recognition in the new market, considering the strong presence of e-commerce giants like Amazon and Snapdeal, the company can nevertheless attain sufficient growth with the help of its consumer friendly services. The company has a strong presence in South East Asia, and consequently provided it introduces aggressive marketing strategies, it will be able to gain much recognition in another Asian country, India. It is recommended that the company enters the Indian market by merging with Flipkart. 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